Flux 500mg Capsule

Uses of Flux 500mg Capsule

• Treat Bacterial Infections

How does Flux 500mg Capsule work?

Flux 500mg Capsule works by interfering with certain processes that help the bacteria to form new cell walls. This helps in stopping the growth and multiplication of bacteria and eventually kills them.

Side Effects of Flux 500mg Capsule

Common side effects of the Flux 500mg Capsule may include diarrhea, stomach upset, nausea, and indigestion. Uncommon side effects may include rash, itching, red/purple discolorations on the skin, and itchy welts. Rare side effects that require immediate medical attention and discontinuation of the medication include signs of allergy or hypersensitivity reactions, pseudomembranous colitis (severe bloody diarrhea), jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), hepatitis (inflammation of liver tissues), erythema multiforme (skin rash with red circular patches), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (severe skin rash with fever, flushing, blisters, or ulcers), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (severe rash with reddening, peeling, and swelling of the skin resembling a burn). If any of these rare side effects occur, it is essential to contact your doctor immediately.

Quick Suggestions:

• You have been prescribed Flux 500mg Capsule for the treatment of bacterial infections.
• It is given by an injection into a vein or muscle, or via a drip into a vein.
• Finish the prescribed course, even if you start to feel better. Stopping it early may make the infection come back and harder to treat.
• Diarrhea may occur as a side effect but should stop when your course is complete. Inform your doctor if it doesn't stop or if you find blood in your stools.
• Inform your doctor immediately if you develop an itchy rash, swelling of the face, throat, or tongue, or breathing difficulties while taking this medicine.

Indication of Flux 500mg Capsule

• To treat infections of the chest, throat, nose, ear, skin and soft tissue, heart, bone, meninges (membrane covering the brain), digestive system, blood, kidney, bladder, or urethra
• Prevent infections that occur during major surgeries especially heart or orthopedic surgery

Pharmacology

Flucloxacillin is an antibiotic that mainly targets Gram-positive organisms, including penicillinase-producing strains. It inhibits the formation of bacterial cell walls, which are essential for their mechanical stability. This inhibition interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis, a crucial process for the bacterial cell wall. The final stage of peptidoglycan synthesis involves cross-linking with the terminal glycine residue of the pentaglycin bridge, and Flucloxacillin inhibits the transpeptidase enzyme responsible for this step.

As a bactericidal antibiotic, Flucloxacillin kills bacteria by weakening their cell walls, causing the cells to swell and rupture. The unique properties of Flucloxacillin, including resistance to penicillinase (an enzyme that degrades penicillin) and gastric acid stability, make it particularly effective against penicillinase-producing staphylococci. The presence of an acyl side chain in Flucloxacillin likely contributes to its resistance to bacterial penicillinase by inducing steric hindrance, preventing the opening of the β-lactam ring of the antibiotic.

Dosage & Administration of Flux 500mg Capsule

Dosage and administration instructions for Flux 500mg Capsule:

1. Take on an empty stomach: ½-1 hour before meals.
2. Reconstitution: Dissolve 250-500 mg in 5-10 mL water for injection or 1 g in 15-20 mL water for injection. For IV infusion, further dilute in suitable IV fluids like water for injection, NaCl 0.9%, glucose 5%, or NaCl 0.18% with glucose 4%.

Adult Dose:

• Oral: 250-500 mg, 3-4 times a day.
• Intravenous IV: 0.25-1 g, 4 times a day, may double in severe cases. Up to 8 g/day in 3-4 divided doses may be given for osteomyelitis. Up to 8 g/day in 4 divided doses for endocarditis in patients weighing <85 kg and 12 g/day in 6 divided doses for patients weighing >85 kg.

Child Dose:

• Children have been given doses of 12.5-25 mg/kg body weight, 4 times a day.
• Intravenous: 2-10 years: Half of the adult dose. Under 2 years: One-fourth of the adult dose.

Renal Dose:

• Renal impairment with CrCl (ml/min) <10: Dosage adjustment may be necessary.

Interaction

• Methotrexate Toxicity: Flux 500mg Capsule may increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity, so caution should be exercised when using these medications together.
• Oral Contraceptives: The efficacy of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives (OC) may be decreased when used concomitantly with Flux 500mg Capsule. An alternative or additional contraceptive method may be considered.
• Probenecid: Co-administration with probenecid may enhance plasma concentrations of flucloxacillin, so close monitoring is recommended.
• Bacteriostatic Drugs: Bacteriostatic drugs like chloramphenicol and tetracycline may interfere with the bactericidal effect of flucloxacillin. Caution is advised when using these drugs together.
• Oral Anticoagulants: Flux 500mg Capsule may prolong bleeding time in patients on oral anticoagulants. Regular monitoring of bleeding parameters is important in these patients.

Contraindications

Flucloxacillin is contraindicated in penicillin-hypersensitive patients.

Pregnancy & Lactation

US FDA Pregnancy Category of Flucloxacillin is B. There are, no adequate and well-controlled studies on pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Flucloxacillin has been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Flucloxacillin is administered to a lactating mother.

Precautions & Warnings

• High Doses and Renal Function: Avoid very high doses in patients with poor renal function as it may increase the risk of neurotoxicity or adverse effects on the nervous system.
• Heart Failure: Exercise caution in patients with heart failure when using Flux 500mg Capsule.
• Skin Sensitization: Be cautious with skin contact, as skin sensitization may occur.
• Monitoring: Regularly monitor serum potassium concentration, renal function, and hematological status during treatment.
• Spirochete Infections: Use with caution in patients with spirochete infections, especially syphilis.
• Suprainfection: Prolonged use of Flux 500mg Capsule may lead to suprainfection with penicillin-resistant organisms.
• Intrathecal Route: Avoid administering Flux 500mg Capsule through the intrathecal route (into the cerebrospinal fluid).
• Elderly: Use with caution in elderly patients.
• Hepatic Impairment: Be cautious when using Flux 500mg Capsule in patients with liver impairment.

Storage Conditions

Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.